Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) priming mitigates cadmium stress in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) by enhancing photosystem efficiency.

BMC Plant Biol · 2025 · PMC12825181 · PMID 41413449

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

—

closest p

—

boldest claim

The sentences

highly significantno p-value reported

Cadmium exposure caused a highly significant increase in MDA levels (approximately + 497%) in unprimed seeds, indicating severe oxidative damage.

also in 132,142 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.