Periplaneta americana extract ameliorates recurrent oral ulcers in rats by enhancing the intestinal epithelial barrier and regulating gut microbiota.

PLoS One · 2026 · PMC12829797 · PMID 41575932

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However, PAD restored the Chao1 and Ace indices to approximately those of the control group, whereas there was an increasing trend in the Shannon index and a decreasing trend in the Simpson index ( Fig 3E ).

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