highly significantp < 0.001
Sensitivity Analysis: When renal function markers (serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen) were added to the fully adjusted model (Model 3a), the association between TyHGB and DKD remained virtually unchanged and highly significant (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.05-1.17, p < 0.001), confirming the robustness of our primary finding. 3.3.