a trend toward significancep < 0.10
Variables showing a trend toward significance ( p < 0.10) in univariable analysis were retained for multivariable modeling.
Variables showing a trend toward significance ( p < 0.10) in univariable analysis were retained for multivariable modeling.
1–3: HR = 2.09, 95% CI = 0.99–4.41; p = 0.035) and PSA levels (HR = 1.00 per unit increase, 95% CI = 1.00–1.001; p = 0.033) demonstrated borderline significance, though their confidence intervals marginally overlapped the null value.