highly significantp < 0.001
However, a particularly noteworthy finding from the inter-annual comparison highlighted a highly significant difference ( p < 0.001, indicated by ‘*’ and confirmed through multiple comparisons) in Sapovirus viral loads between 2023 and 2024 specifically in Dongguan ( Figure 1 c and Figure 3 ), indicating important localized year-to-year variation despite its overall high prevalence.