Inflammatory biomarker response to GLP-1 receptor agonists versus other glucose-lowering medications in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) · 2025 · PMC12852008 · PMID 41625236

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

—

closest p

—

boldest claim

The sentences

a positive trendno p-value reported

MDA, a measure of oxidative stress, had a positive trend that became significant following sensitivity analysis that eliminated a significant outlier (SMD = -0.73; 95% CI: -1.07 to -0.39 vs. insulin).

also in 11,005 other papers

highly significantno p-value reported

Said 2018 was a substantial outlier, but its removal maintained a highly significant pooled benefit (SMD = -1.08; 95% CI: -1.41 to -0.74) while reducing heterogeneity to moderate levels (I2 = 40.7%).

also in 132,142 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.