The association between antihistamine use and incident osteoarthritis supports the findings of mechanistic studies that implicated a number of allergic pathways in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis: (1) activated and degranulating mast cells are statistically increased in the synovium of patients with osteoarthritis ( 17 ), and there is a nonsignificant trend between the numbers of synovial mast cells and the severity of osteoarthritis ( 18 ); (2) mast cell activation and the release of tryptase mediate synovitis and the breakdown of joint tissue in osteoarthritis ( 17 , 19 , 20 ); and (3) genomic analyses identified associations between interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-4 receptor gene polymorphisms and the development of osteoarthritis ( 21 – 24 ).
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The association of antihistamines and new-onset osteoarthritis in patients with autoimmune disease: a population-based cohort study.
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