Comparison between Hugo point acupressure and vapocoolant spray on pain intensity during needle insertion into arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients: A randomized controlled trial.

J Educ Health Promot · 2025 · PMC12854325 · PMID 41625666

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

0.0540

closest p · 1.1× alpha

0.0540

boldest claim

The sentences

borderline significantP = 0.054so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

A borderline significant difference was observed between groups ( P = 0.054), with cold packs showing a borderline significant difference compared to the control group ( P = 0.051).[ 37 38 ] A randomized controlled study compared the efficacy of audiovisual distraction, topical anesthesia, and cold spray application in reducing pain during venipuncture.

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