highly significantp < 0.001
Both compounds showed statistically significant effects at doses of 4 and 20 mg/kg, with IRPN demonstrating highly significant differences (** p < 0.001 and *** p < 0.001 vs. negative control) (Figure 4A ), and IRPL showing similar results (** p < 0.01 and * p < 0.05 vs. negative control) (Figure 4B ).