Active Surveillance and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Between Two Passive Surveillance Periods Improve Detection and Characterization of Pleural Empyema: A 20-Year Study in Tijuana, Mexico.

Cureus · 2026 · PMC12893401 · PMID 41685013

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

analyzed 43 pediatric cases and found a significant reduction in hospitalizations for necrotizing pneumonia (including PE) between the early (1.5/1000 admissions/year) and intermediate (0.35/1000 admissions/year) post-PCV13 periods (p = .001), followed by an increasing trend thereafter.

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