Cerebrospinal fluid dopamine 3-O-sulfate as a novel biomarker for predicting motor complications in Parkinson's disease: insights from the PPMI cohort.

J Transl Med · 2026 · PMC12895786 · PMID 41606618

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Previous nontargeted serum metabolomic analysis revealed that the level of DA3S was significantly elevated in the serum of PD patients, with a fold change of 13.85 and a highly significant FDR, indicating that it is among the most markedly altered metabolites in patients with PD [ 27 ].

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