Barely Significant
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The Effect of Shale Swelling on In Situ Stress during Hydraulic Fracturing.

ACS Omega · 2026 · PMC12902957 · PMID 41696342

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a notable trendno p-value reported
From the distribution results of both the maximum and minimum principal stresses, it is clear that the in situ stress within the SRV area exhibits a notable trend of converting from compressive stress to tensile stress due to shale swelling, resulting in a stress deficit phenomenon.

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