Aberrant innate immune profile associated with COVID-19 mortality in Pretoria, South Africa.

Patients who demised were more likely to have increased percentages of CD4+ effector memory 4 T-cells (EM4: CD45RA-CCR7-CD28 + CD27−) expressing PD-1, as well as decreased percentages of CD8+ effector memory 2 (EM: CD45RA-CCR7-CD27 + CD28-) and, albeit just missing significance, CD8+ end stage effector (E: CD45RA + CCD7-CD28-CD27-) terminally differentiated T-cells re-expressing CD45RA that expressed the exhaustion marker CD57. 3.4.

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