highly significantp = 0.003
The other three articles ( Jia et al., 2023 ; Jie et al., 2014 ; Liu et al., 2020 ) used the CFS, which had a large and highly significant effect size (SMD = -0.98, 95% CI: -1.63 ∼ -0.32, p = 0.003) ( Jia et al., 2023 ; Jie et al., 2014 ; Liu et al., 2020 ).