Are psychosocial smoking cessation interventions delivered in pregnancy equally effective? A systematic review, meta-analysis and equity analysis of moderation analyses in randomized controlled trials.

J Behav Med · 2026 · PMC12945952 · PMID 41243073

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failed to reach significanceno p-value reported

One health education intervention suggested a moderation effect favoring non-White participants for prenatal smoking cessation, but this failed to reach significance (Windsor et al., 1993 ).

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