Task complexity amplifies spatial asymmetry of muscle synergy plasticity in chronic stroke survivors.

Besides, the unaffected arm exhibited significantly more preservation synergies (synergies resembling healthy patterns) than the affected arm in moderate (Placing 30 cm: Z(11) = -2.144, corrected p = 0.031, Rosenthal’s r = -0.646) and high complexity tasks (Z(11) = -2.558, corrected p = 0.028, Rosenthal’s r = -0.771), and fewer mutation synergies (synergies deviating from healthy patterns) with marginal significance (Placing 30 cm: Z(11) = -1.992, corrected p = 0.058, Rosenthal’s r = -0.600; Drinking: Z(11) = -2.070, corrected p = 0.058, Rosenthal’s r = -0.624).

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The mutation synergy numbers were higher on the affected side compared to the unaffected side during the two tasks, with a marginally significant p-value after multiple comparison corrections.

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We categorized the stroke-induced synergy plasticity based on healthy synergy centroids, compared the synergy plasticity between affected and unaffected limbs, and investigated the correlation between synergy plasticity and patient’s motor function, Results In healthy individuals, the number of muscle synergies exhibited a U-shaped pattern as task complexity increased, whereas in stroke patients, both the affected and unaffected limbs showed a decreasing trend in muscle synergy number with increasing task complexity.

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