However, 10 years after the first detection in humans, epidemic years characterized by exceptional virus circulation of WNV were observed in 2018 (618 confirmed human cases including 244 WNND cases and 49 deaths) and again in 2022 (728 human cases including 330 WNND cases and 51 deaths) 8 , 9 , indicating an increasing trend.
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Seroprevalence study of West Nile virus and Usutu virus in blood, organs, cells and tissue donors in Italy, 2021-2022.
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