Can Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation be Effective After Rats' Spinal Cord Injury?

Cureus · 2026 · PMC12964494 · PMID 41798452

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a notable trendno p-value reported

Although these differences did not reach overall statistical significance, we observed a notable trend toward earlier and reduced expression of neurotoxic M1 macrophages, accompanied by earlier appearance of M2 macrophage subtypes following t-VNS.

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