Highlights on HIV Prevention and Antiretroviral Therapy from the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) 2025 and Expectations from CROI 2026.

In a plenary session, Chris Beyrer from the US reported that, on a global scale, there has been a tremendous scale-up in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use, largely through the US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) programs (91% of all oral PrEP initiations) over the last two to three years, accompanied by a decreasing trend in HIV incidence in Africa.

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