Periodontal Health Status Among Cigarette Smokers and Nonsmokers in Chitwan District, Nepal: A Comparative Cross‐Sectional Study

Biomed Res Int · 2026 · PMC12973325

Europe PMC

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highly significantp < 0.001actually significant

In contrast, LOA was markedly greater among smokers, that is, 5.00 (SD 1.40) compared with nonsmokers, that is, 3.06 (SD 1.59), and this difference was highly significant (mean difference = 1.94; p < 0.001) (Table 2 ).

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