Depressive symptoms mediate the associations between air pollution exposure and anemia risk: a nationwide longitudinal study in China.

BMC Public Health · 2026 · PMC12980971 · PMID 41688988

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0440

closest p · 0.9× alpha

0.0760

boldest claim

The sentences

marginal significanceP = 0.044actually significant

However, when fully adjusted for demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related covariates in Model 3, the magnitude of association attenuated - continuous CESD-10 scores showed marginal significance (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00–1.03, P = 0.044), while the highest quartile of depressive symptoms ([12.00–30.00]) demonstrated non-significant association with anemia risk (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 0.98–1.52, P = 0.080).

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marginally non-significantP = 0.076so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

After adjusting for sex and age in Model 2, the association for PM1 remained significant but slightly attenuated (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01–1.14, P = 0.028), whereas PM2.5 became marginally non-significant (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.99–1.12, P = 0.076).

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