Topology Outweighs Stiffness: Self-Reinforced Cell Mechanotransduction via Multiaxial Curvature Engineering of Ultrasoft Hydrogels.

For the uniaxial-low and uniaxial-high surfaces ( Figure e,f), the experimentally observed dominant SF orientations ( Figure d, black dashed lines) show an overall trend consistent with the model-predicted low-energy directions, supporting the idea that SFs preferentially align along energetically favorable orientations.

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