Large-scale self-supervised video foundation model for intelligent surgery.

NPJ Digit Med · 2026 · PMC12992569 · PMID 41639385

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an overall trendno p-value reported

For Cholec80, M2CAI16-Workflow, CholecT50, Cholec80-CVS and Endoscapes-CVS which focus on laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedures, we observed an overall trend of performance improvement from Setting A to Setting C, with the proportion of procedure-specific data gradually decreasing from 100% to 47.3%, indicating the model’s ability to effectively leverage relevant surgical content.

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