highly significantp < 0.001
The presence of a household toilet (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.23–0.48), water storage facilities (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.23–0.47), and the practice of treating drinking water (OR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.20–0.45) were all protective against infection, each showing highly significant associations ( p < 0.001).