A meta-analytic review of Mandarin tone perception: tone height and tone contour, prosodic background, and L2 experience.

Sample size was also a significant moderator ( Q M (1) = 3.63, R 2 = 17.69%, p = 0.05), indicating a marginally significant negative association between sample size and effect size—larger samples tended to report slightly smaller effects ( β = −0.0054, SE = 0.0028, p = 0.05).

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