Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: From Pathological Mechanisms to Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Therapeutic Strategies.

17 The global incidence of RA ranges between 0.5% and 1%, exhibiting a decreasing trend from urban to rural settings and from developed to developing countries. 18 , 19 Established risk factors associated with the onset and severity of RA include smoking and lower socioeconomic status, 20 , 21 which may partially account for these epidemiological patterns alongside genetic variability.

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