Barely Significant
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Vitamin D supplementation in diabetic retinopathy: an optical coherence tomography angiography study of changes in macular perfusion.

Int J Retina Vitreous · 2026 · PMC13036907 · PMID 41736167

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a small trendno p-value reported
A small trend toward improvement was seen in BCVA values, but its statistical significance was marginal (0.12 ± 0.13 to 0.10 ± 0.13 LogMAR, p = 0.051).

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a slight trendno p-value reported
Our main findings include: (i) FAZ metrics did not change significantly, (ii) parafoveal SVD at the superior quadrant was slightly reduced, but the rest of the perfusion density indices remained unchanged, (iii) changes in BCVA showed a slight trend toward improvement, but it was not associated with changes in vitamin D levels, and (iv) changes in none of the studied OCTA metrics were associated with increases in serum 25(OH)D3 level.

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Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.