highly significantp < 0.001
Instrument type had a highly significant effect on dentin removal ( p < 0.001), which increased by ~ 105% with 25/0.05 (β = 0.72, p = 0.003), ~ 252% with 25/0.06 (β = 1.26, p < 0.001), and ~ 350% with 25/.08v (β = 1.50, p < 0.001) relative to 25/0.03 (Fig. 2 a; Table 1 ).