Daily transient analysis of an integrated solar-driven direct contact membrane distillation for cogeneration production of freshwater and electricity.

Sci Rep · 2026 · PMC13039143 · PMID 41912657

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

However, electrical efficiency (η tpv ), thermal efficiency (η th ), and overall energy efficiency (η PVT ) exhibit a decreasing trend due to elevated operating temperatures and increased heat losses.

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an increasing trendno p-value reported

From 8:00 to approximately 13:00, T f exhibits an increasing trend due to rising solar irradiance.

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