Sleep duration and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults: a multinational study in China, England, and India.

BMC Public Health · 2026 · PMC13041330 · PMID 41742127

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0470

closest p · 0.9× alpha

0.0620

boldest claim

The sentences

marginally significantp = 0.047actually significant

Specifically, short sleep durations (≤ 4 h) remained significantly associated with poorer cognition according to CHARLS (β = -0.17, p < 0.001) and LASI (β = -0.15, p = 0.009), with a marginally significant association in the pooled analysis (β = -0.14, p = 0.047).

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marginal significanceP = 0.062so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

The meta-analysis of IPW-adjusted estimates confirmed the inverted U-shaped pattern, with 8 h sleep significantly associated with poorer cognition (β = -0.05, 95% CI: -0.07 to -0.03, P = 0.008), while 9 h and ≥ 10 h showed negative associations with marginal significance after FDR correction (both P = 0.062).

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