Interpretable machine learning models for stroke risk prediction in patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation.

Gray’s test accounting for the competing risk of death further supported these findings: in the LR-defined high-risk group, stroke incidence remained significantly lower in DOAC users at 3 years ( p = 0.022), with borderline significance at 5 years ( p = 0.055), despite the limited number of death events ( n = 3 at 3 years; n = 5 at 5 years).

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