Clonal tracing of rare anal metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a case report with whole-exome sequencing and multimodal therapy.

Meanwhile, anal squamous cell carcinoma, another malignancy with distinct epidemiological characteristics, is closely linked to high-risk human papillomavirus infection, and its incidence has shown an increasing trend in recent years ( 4 , 5 ).This connection is relevant because, although rare, metastases of ESCC to the anal region have been reported, presenting unique clinical manifestations and therapeutic challenges ( 6 ).

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