marginally significantP ≤ 0.05
While Pipiens showed no overall difference in host preference within and across the three locations (F (2, 15) = 3.4, P = 0.06), a post-hoc analysis identified a marginally significant difference in the PI between the Netherlands and Greece ( P ≤ 0.05) and a significant difference in the PI between Switzerland and Greece ( P = 0.03), but not between the Netherlands and Switzerland ( P = 0.78) (Fig. 3 ).