No previous studies have summarized the EC within the temperature range of 200–500 °C (particularly in the 200–300 °C range), and according to the FTIR results, there was a decreasing trend in the hydroxyl and carboxyl groups as the treatment temperature increased from 200 to 500 °C (Fig. 1 ).
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Properties and nitrate leaching mitigation effect of thermally treated biomass-a case study of tropical and subtropical islands.
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