Clinical Factors Associated with hrCT-Confirmed Interstitial Lung Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.

J Clin Med · 2026 · PMC13073618 · PMID 41977036

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0540

closest p · 1.1× alpha

0.0810

boldest claim

The sentences

marginally non-significantp = 0.054so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

In the prespecified primary multivariable model, RF positivity was marginally non-significant (aOR 3.44, 95% CI 0.98–12.11, p = 0.054), but became significant in the PFT analysis, but became non-significant after adding dyspnea/Velcro crackles and in the matched analysis, suggesting that any RF signal was not solely explained by symptom-driven ascertainment.

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a nonsignificant trendp = 0.081so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Respiratory manifestations were documented for all included participants within the pre-index window and were more frequent in cases, including dyspnea (38.0% versus 15.3%; p = 0.006) and Velcro crackles (39.2% versus 6.8%; p < 0.001), while chronic cough showed a nonsignificant trend (35.4% versus 20.3%; p = 0.081).

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