The Interplay Among Gut Microbial Composition, Short-Chain Fatty Acid Metabolism and Gut-Kidney Oxidative Stress: Correlation with Diarrhea.

A total of 937 ASVs were shared between the two groups. Compared with the CC group, the CM group exhibited a decreasing trend in the Shannon index, Simpson index, Chao1 index, and Pielou’s evenness index; however, these differences were not statistically significant ( P > 0.05) ( Figure 5C–F ).

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Figure 6C displays the top 15 most abundant genera in the gut microbiota; the top five genera in the CC group were Lactobacillus (23.72%), [Prevotella] (4.64%), Oscillospira (2.92%), Odoribacter (2.45%), and Candidatus Arthromitus (1.63%), whereas those in the CM group were Lactobacillus (33.34%), [Prevotella] (5.92%), Bacteroides (3.35%), Oscillospira (2.79%), and Ruminococcaceae_Ruminococcus (1.93%). Further statistical analysis of the relative abundances of Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio revealed that compared to the CC group, the CM group exhibited an increasing trend in Firmicutes relative abundance, a decreasing trend in Bacteroidota relative abundance, and an elevated Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio, though no significant differences were observed for these parameters ( Figure 6D–F ).

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