highly significantp -value ≈ 10 −17
Because the persistence-length data did not satisfy normality (Shapiro–Wilk p = 0.002), differences between force fields were assessed using a Wilcoxon rank-sum test, which showed a highly significant effect of force field ( p -value ≈ 10 −17 ), whereas no significant differences were detected across chain lengths, suggesting that the persistence length is largely independent of chain length over the range considered.