Cold water immersion protocol optimization across exercise modalities: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of resistance training, endurance exercise, and team sport applications.

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil · 2026 · PMC13122509 · PMID 41845491

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentence

—

closest p

—

boldest claim

The sentences

borderline significanceno p-value reported

The evaluation of publication bias did not reveal significant asymmetry (Egger’s test: p = 0.090; Table 7 g), though borderline significance warrants cautious interpretation given substantial heterogeneity.

also in 7,017 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.