A developmental perspective on appearance-related social media use, body dissatisfaction, and competitive anxiety among Chinese adolescent athletes: a three-wave longitudinal study.

Front Psychol · 2026 · PMC13128571 · PMID 42077299

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0660

closest p · 1.3× alpha

0.2900

boldest claim

The sentences

marginally significantp = 0.066so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

A supplementary sensitivity analysis decomposing ARSME into behavioral engagement and psychological investment components revealed that psychological investment showed a marginally significant prospective effect on body dissatisfaction ( β = 0.08, p = 0.066), while behavioral screen time did not, providing preliminary support for cognitive-processing-focused interventions.

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marginal significancep = 0.066so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

Critically, when both components were entered simultaneously in the full sample, the unique prospective effect of psychological investment on body dissatisfaction reached marginal significance from T2 to T3 ( β = 0.08, p = 0.066), whereas behavioral engagement showed no significant unique effect at either interval (T1 → T2: β = −0.05, p = 0.30; T2 → T3: β = −0.06, p = 0.15).

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a positive trendp = 0.29not close (p > 0.1)

However, the direction of effects was informative: in the older group, psychological investment showed a positive trend ( β = 0.09, p = 0.29 at T2 → T3) while behavioral time was near zero ( β = −0.01, p = 0.88), consistent with the hypothesis that cognitive processing is more consequential than behavioral exposure.

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