Research Progress and Comparative Evaluation of Three Cutting-Edge Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Treatment Strategies: Biologics, Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction, and Stem Cell Therapies.

66 A meta-analysis including 11 studies and a total of 371 patients found that stem cell therapy significantly increased patients’ 6MWD (average increase of 52 meters), and FEV1 also showed a positive trend of improvement (average increase of 71 milliliters). 66 Nevertheless, there is still a lack of large-scale, rigorously designed phase III randomized controlled trials to confirm its clinical efficacy. 62 Key challenges in this field include: (1) non-standardized treatment protocols: the optimal cel

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