Serum small dense LDL cholesterol is inversely associated with kidney stone prevalence: evidence from two independent cross-sectional studies.

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) · 2026 · PMC13167199 · PMID 42130730

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highly significantno p-value reported

Stratification by gender In the Chinese cohort, the protective effect of sdLDL-C was consistently observed in both males and females, remaining highly significant after full adjustment in Model 3 (Males: OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33–0.81; Females: OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.25–0.76).

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borderline significanceno p-value reported

The protective effect was more pronounced in females, though it weakened slightly to borderline significance in Model 3 (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.42–1.01).

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