Pooled analysis of PCV13 efficacy from controlled human infection trials in Malawi and the UK.

NPJ Vaccines · 2026 · PMC13176328 · PMID 41748603

Europe PMC DOI

hedged sentences

0.0700

closest p · 1.4× alpha

0.0700

boldest claim

The sentences

borderline significancep = 0.070so close (0.05 < p ≤ 0.1)

There was no statistically significant association with study programme (RR for EHPC = 1.462, 95% CI: 0.969–2.204; p = 0.070), but the borderline significance ( p = 0.070) suggests heterogeneity in experimental carriage rates between the UK and Malawi settings.

also in 7,017 other papers

marginally non-significantno p-value reported

Among vaccinated participants, the median fold change in IgG titres was higher in females (5.47, IQR: 3.00–7.05) than in males (3.30, IQR: 1.51–6.71), with a marginally non-significant p -value of 0.053.

also in 1,493 other papers

Quoted from the open-access full text in Europe PMC under the licence the publisher applied. The sentence is reproduced exactly as published; the emphasis is ours.