highly significantp < 0.0001
According Table 2 , U-Net and DeepLabV3Plus achieved highly significant improvements ( p < 0.0001) with large effect sizes (Cohen’s d > 0.56), indicating substantial practical significance.
According Table 2 , U-Net and DeepLabV3Plus achieved highly significant improvements ( p < 0.0001) with large effect sizes (Cohen’s d > 0.56), indicating substantial practical significance.