highly significantp < 0.00001
Mander’s overlap coefficient also showed a strong increase (>0.7), indicating that the majority of autofluorescent signal colocalized with mitochondrial structures under high-dose conditions. Statistical analysis on Pearson’s r coefficient using one-way ANOVA revealed highly significant group differences across all three conditions: AF-DAPI ( F (2,66) = 139.52, **** p < 0.00001), AF-MitoTracker ( F (2,68) = 28.68, **** p < 0.0001), and DAPI-MitoTracker ( F (2,66) = 36.53, **** p < 0.0001).