marginal significancep = 0.050
While Group 3 presented with the longest symptom duration and highest medication use at baseline, multivariate regression analysis identified advancing age as an independent predictor of more limited improvement in post-void residual volume ( p = 0.008) and IIEF-5 scores ( p < 0.001), while its association with ∆ Q max reached only marginal significance ( p = 0.050).