Robust estimation of rice flag leaf inclination angle from SfM-MVS point clouds via ensemble skeleton extraction: validation in field and pot experiments.

Plant Methods · 2026 · PMC13227768 · PMID 42002746

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[ 35 ] demonstrated that following full heading, flag leaf characteristics—including chlorophyll and nitrogen content, net photosynthetic rate, photosynthetic functional duration, and chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics—exhibit highly significant positive correlations with nitrogen use efficiency.

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