BVDV utilizes PGC-1α downregulation to remodel the mitochondrial metabolic microenvironment, enhancing viral replication and impairing host immunity.

In terms of mitophagy-related proteins, compared with the control group, PINK1 protein expression gradually increases with infection time in the CP BVDV(NADL)-infected group, while LC3-II protein expression shows a decreasing trend, and P62 protein expression increases significantly with extended infection time ( Figure 3C ).

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