Barely Significant
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A Reliable and Secure Cluster-Routing Framework for Drone-Assisted Disaster Management in Smart Cities.

Sensors (Basel) · 2026 · PMC13258920 · PMID 42280872

Europe PMCDOI
1
hedged sentence
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closest p · 0.0× alpha
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boldest claim

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highly significantp = 8.86 × 10 − 5actually significant
A paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test confirms that the difference is highly significant, with p = 8.86 × 10 − 5 and a rank-biserial effect size of r rb = − 1.00 .

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