Spatiotemporal trends and the change detection of the yearly eco-environmental quality in the Yellow River Basin, China.

Sci Rep · 2026 · PMC13261110 · PMID 42009736

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

11 , from 2001 to 2010, AI in the APFZ and SCFZ displayed increasing trends (0.015 ± 0.006/10a and 0.014 ± 0.008/10a, respectively), while the FRFZ was the only zone showing a decreasing trend (-0.008 ± 0.005/10a).

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highly significantno p-value reported

Analysis of key driving factors (1) Dominance of Surface Moisture : The Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI) contributed 52.75% (2001–2010) and 56.06% (2011–2023) to RSEI, remaining highly significant throughout both periods.

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