VCAN promotes the progression and recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by remodeling the tumor microenvironment.

Sci Rep · 2026 · PMC13265726 · PMID 42014891

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a decreasing trendno p-value reported

In the VCAN overexpression group, CD11b + CD206 + macrophages significantly increased, while CD4 + and CD8 + T cells showed a decreasing trend, though without significant differences ( P < 0.05, Fig. 4 C-F, Figure S2F-I).

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